Every year, millions of pilgrims travel to Makkah and Madinah to perform Umrah and visit the holy sites. Knowing the weather in advance helps you plan your days and protect your health, especially for older pilgrims and those with medical conditions. Here is what to expect.
Weather in Makkah
Makkah lies in a valley surrounded by mountains, tens of kilometres inland from the Red Sea. As a result, it is:
- Hot for most of the year, and very hot in summer.
- Usually less humid than Jeddah, but with a high feels-like temperature around midday.
- Occasionally hit by thunderstorms, which can be heavy, mainly in autumn and winter.
Winter (December to February) is the most pleasant period, with warm days and mild nights.
Weather in Madinah
Madinah sits on an inland plateau, so its weather is:
- Hot and dry in summer.
- Cooler than Makkah in winter: nights can be fairly cold between December and February, so bring a warm layer for the evening.
- Low in rainfall, with occasional showers in winter and spring.
Tips for Umrah pilgrims and visitors
Choose the right time of day
- In the hot months, try to perform Tawaf and Sa'i, and walk between your hotel and the Haram, early in the morning, in the late afternoon or in the evening.
- Check the hourly feels-like temperature on Makkah weather before you go out.
Prevent heat exhaustion
- Drink water regularly, without waiting until you feel thirsty. Zamzam water is widely available at the holy sites.
- Use a light-coloured umbrella in open areas.
- Rest often in shaded or air-conditioned places.
- Know the warning signs: dizziness, severe headache, nausea, or hot skin with no sweating. If these appear, get medical help immediately.
- Look after older people, children and anyone with a chronic illness in your group.
Protect yourself from the sun
The UV index is very high around midday on most days of the year. Use sunscreen on exposed skin (an unscented one if you are in ihram), and wear sunglasses.
Comfortable clothing and footwear
- Choose light, breathable fabrics for daytime outside the state of ihram.
- Comfortable sandals or shoes matter: marble floors and outdoor courtyards can get hot in the sun, and you will walk a lot.
- Carry a small bag with water, a light scarf or shawl for cooler evenings, and any personal medication.
Sudden rain
Thunderclouds can build over the mountains around Makkah and Taif and bring heavy rain and flash floods in the valleys. Follow the rain radar and always follow the instructions of Civil Defense and the alerts of the National Center for Meteorology (NCM). Floors become slippery when wet, so walk carefully.
Travelling between cities
- From Jeddah to Makkah: you move from a humid coastal climate to hotter, drier air.
- From Makkah to Taif: temperatures drop noticeably because of the altitude.
- From Makkah to Madinah: check the Madinah weather forecast, especially for cold winter nights.
Plan ahead with the forecast
Before your trip, look at the 15-day forecast for both cities to pack the right clothes. During your stay, check the hourly forecast each morning to choose the coolest times for your rituals and walks. For more general advice on coping with high temperatures, read our heat wave safety guide.
FAQ
What is the best time of year for Umrah, weather-wise?
The winter months, roughly November to February, are the mildest in Makkah and Madinah.
Does it rain in Makkah?
Yes, occasionally, especially in autumn and winter. Rain can come as short, heavy thunderstorms.
Is Madinah cold in winter?
Nights can be fairly cold, so bring warm clothing for the evening.
When is the best time of day to perform Tawaf in summer?
Early morning, late afternoon and night are the coolest times. Check the hourly forecast on Makkah weather.
